Note: Secondary sources provide uncertain information about the date of first publication of this story. Here is a translation of the note in Fundadores del cuento fantástico hispanoamericano, in accordance with which the date 1873 is given here: "The author states in a note [in Cuentos fantásticos, 2nd edition, 1882] that 'Vanitas vanitatum' and 'El número 111' circulated in 'two periodicals of this capital [Caracas] in the year 1873, with the pseudonym Manlio.' Nonetheless, in Efraín Subero, Bibliografía de Eduardo Blanco (Caracas, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, 1971), entrada número 30, se lee: 'Vanitas vanitatum' y 'El número 111.' El semanario La Tertulia, Caracas, 1875. Padre Barnola, in Eduardo Blanco, creador de la novela venezolano, states that 'this is the first publication of Vanitas vanitatum." MCNBiografias.com says that it was in La Revista of Caracas that "El número 111" appeared in 1873.